A fire hose reel is a fixed fire-extinguishing device comprising a valve, an inlet pipe, a reel, a hose, and a nozzle; it is capable of discharging extinguishing agents (such as water, dry powder, or foam) while the hose is being rapidly unreeled. Typically installed in public areas like corridors and stairwells or within indoor fire hydrant cabinets, it addresses the issues of excessive water pressure and operational difficulty associated with traditional indoor fire hydrants. It enables non-professionals to combat fires in their early stages, facilitating the goal of extinguishing fires while they are still small and manageable.

The fire hose reel consists primarily of a valve, an inlet pipe, a reel, a hose, and a nozzle. The reel assembly includes components such as spokes, a support frame, and a swing arm to facilitate hose storage. The hose typically ranges from 19 to 30 meters in length, with an internal diameter of 19 mm or 25 mm. Some designs also incorporate safety mechanisms to prevent accidental operation, devices to clear residual extinguishing agent from the flow path, and mechanisms to assist with rewinding (such as locking clips or automatic rewinding motors).

The safety mechanism prevents the hose from being pulled out unless the inlet valve is opened; this is usually achieved through mechanical locking (e.g., ratchets, latches, or linkage with the valve). The connection between the hose and the reel drum is designed to prevent the hose from flattening or collapsing near the connection point during winding, thereby maintaining the flow cross-section. The device for clearing residual extinguishing agent is a specialized feature designed to drain or purge remaining agents (such as water or foam) from the hose and valve; this can be accomplished through methods such as gravity drainage, pressure relief valves, or purge pipes.